A Commonplace Book

The lecture was about the nature of mercy. As she often does, she argued that certain moral truths are best expressed in the form of a story. We become merciful, she wrote, when we behave as the "concerned reader of a novel," understanding each person's life as a "complex narrative of human effort in a world full of obstacles."

Nussbaum argued that Rawls gave an unsatisfactory account of justice for people dependent on others--the disabled, the elderly, and women subservient in their homes. For a society to remain stable and committed to democratic principles, she argued, it needs more than detached moral principles: it has to cultivate certain emotions and teach people to enter empathetically into others' lives. She believes that the humanities are not just important to a healthy democratic society but decisive, shaping its fate. She proposed an enhanced version of John Stuart Mill's "aesthetic education"--emotional refinement for all citizens through poetry and music and art. "Respect on its own is cold and inert, insufficient to overcome the bad tendencies that lead human beings to tyrannize over one another," she wrote. "Public culture cannot be tepid and passionless."